MMH
MUTM
OGG1
OGH1
UniProt:O15527 OGG1
MBD4
MED1
UniProt:O95243 MBD4
POLB
UniProt:P06746 POLB
MGMT
UniProt:P16455 MGMT
LIG1
UniProt:P18858 LIG1
CCNO
UniProt:P22674 CCNO
APE
APE1
APEX
APEX1
APX
HAP1
REF1
UniProt:P27695 APEX1
AAG
ANPG
MID1
MPG
UniProt:P29372 MPG
FEN1
RAD2
UniProt:P39748 FEN1
LIG3
UniProt:P49916 LIG3
LIG4
UniProt:P49917 LIG4
HYRC
HYRC1
PRKDC
UniProt:P78527 PRKDC
NTH1
NTHL1
OCTS3
UniProt:P78549 NTHL1
ATM
UniProt:Q13315 ATM
TDG
UniProt:Q13569 TDG
SMUG1
UniProt:Q53HV7 SMUG1
ABH2
ALKBH2
UniProt:Q6NS38 ALKBH2
ABH3
ALKBH3
DEPC1
UniProt:Q96Q83 ALKBH3
MUTYH
MYH
UniProt:Q9UIF7 MUTYH
MBD4 glycosylase mediated recognition and binding of a thymine opposite to a guanine at CpG sequences
MBD4 glycosylase mediated recognition and binding of an uracil opposite to a guanine at CpG sequences
hNTH1 glycosylase mediated recognition and binding of cytosine glycol
hNTH1 glycosylase mediated recognition and binding of dihydrouracil
hNTH1 glycosylase mediated recognition and binding of formamidopyrimidine
hNTH1 glycosylase mediated recognition and binding of thymine glycol
Cleavage of uracil by UNG2 glycosylase
Cleavage of 5-hydroxyluracil by UNG2 glycosylase
Cleavage of uracil by TDG glycosylase
Cleavage of thymine by TDG glycosylase
Cleavage of uracil by hSMUG1 glycosylase
Cleavage of thymine glycol by hNTH1 glycosylase
Cleavage of cytosine glycol by hNTH1 glycosylase
Cleavage of dihydrouracil by hNTH1 glycosylase
Cleavage of formamidopyrimidine by hNTH1 glycosylase
Cleavage of uracil by MBD4 glycosylase
Cleavage of thymine by MBD4 glycosylase
Cleavage of ethenocytosine by TDG glycosylase
Displacement of UNG2 glycosylase by APE1 at the AP site
Displacement of TDG glycosylase by APE1 at the AP site
Displacement of hSMUG1 glycosylase by APE1 at the AP site
Displacement of hNTH1 glycosylase by APE1 at the AP site
Displacement of MBD4 glycosylase by APE1 at the AP site
Displacement of hOGG1 glycosylase by APE1 at the AP site
Displacement of MYH glycosylase by APE1 at the AP site
Displacement of MPG glycosylase by APE1 at the AP site
APE1 mediated endonucleolytic cleavage at the 5' side of the base-free deoxyribose residue
Recruitment of POL Beta to the AP site
Excision of the abasic sugar phosphate (dRP) residue at the strand break
Recruitment of LIG3:XRRC1 complex to the site of repair by POL Beta
Resynthesis of excised residue
DNA ligation via the single-nucleotide replacement pathway
Dissociation of LIG3:XRCC1 complex from site of BER
POL Beta mediated incorporation of the first replacement nucleotide
POL delta associates with AP site displacing POL Beta
DNA strand displacement synthesis
Interaction of APE1 with DNA ligase I
Interaction of APE1 with FEN1
Interaction between FEN1 and PCNA
Cleavage of flap structures
Ligation of DNA at sites of patch replacement
Binding of REV1 to lesioned DNA template
Misinsertion of bases opposite to the lesion by HREV1
Elongation by REV1 protein
Binding of Pol eta to lesioned DNA template
Insertion of correct bases opposite to the lesion by Pol eta
Elongation by Pol eta
Binding of Pol zeta to lesioned DNA template
Formation of Pol zeta complex
Elongation by Pol zeta complex
MGMT/hAGT mediated DNA Damage Reversal
Oxidative demethylation of 1-MeA damaged DNA By ABH2
Oxidative demethylation of 3-MeC damaged DNA By ABH2
Oxidative demethylation of 1-EtA damaged DNA By ABH2
Oxidative demethylation of 1-MeA damaged DNA By ABH3
Oxidative demethylation of 3-MeC damaged DNA By ABH3
Oxidative demethylation of 1-EtA damaged DNA By ABH3
Intermolecular autophosphorylation of ATM within dimeric ATM complexes
Dissociation of dimeric phospho-ATM complexes
Phosphorylation of histone H2AX at Serine-139 by ATM at the site of DSB
Phosphorylation of BRCA1 at multiple sites by ATM
Phosphorylation of NBS1 by ATM
Phosphorylation of MDC1/NFBD1 by ATM (within 2 c-term BRCT domains)
MDC1/NFBD1 associates with gamma H2AX at nuclear foci
phospho-ATM (Serine 1981) associates with DNA at the site of double-strand breaks
53BP1 associates with gamma H2AX at nuclear foci
Association of gamma-H2AX with NBS1
Formation of RAD50:MRE11 complex
Association of RAD50:MRE11 complex with NBS1 via MRE11 interaction
Association of MRN with sites of DSB
BRCA1 associates with 53BP1at the site of DNA double-strand break
Resection of double-strand break ends
Association of RPA complexes with ssDNA
Association of RAD51 with BRCA2
Formation of RAD52 heptameric ring structure complexes on ssDNA
Association of RAD52 with the RPA complex
Association of RAD52 with ssDNA at resected ends of double-strand break
Association of RAD51 with RAD52:DNA double-strand break ends
Association of RAD51 with the RPA complex
Association of RAD51 with the resected ends of the DNA double-strand break
Strand exchange/Branch migration
DNA repair synthesis
Ligation of DNA and formation of Holliday structures following repair synthesis
Cleavage of Holliday junctions
Dissociation of the extended strands
Fill-in DNA synthesis
Association of Ku heterodimer with ends of DNA double-strand break
Association of DNA-PKcs with Ku-bound ends of DNA double-strand breaks
Autophosphorylation of DNA-PKcs
Synapsis, or interaction between two DNA-PK:DNA complexes at opposing ends of DNA DSB
Removal of 3'-phosphoglycolate (PG) moiety from DSB ends
Removal of 3'-phosphate moiety from DSB ends
Association of the XRCC4:DNA ligase IV complex with the DNA-PK:DNA synaptic complex
Removal of repair proteins and ligation of the processed ends of the DNA double-strand break
XPC binds to HR23B forming a heterodimeric complex
XPC:HR23B complex binds to damaged DNA site with lesion
Recruitment of repair factors to form preincision complex
Formation of open bubble structure in DNA by helicases
Formation of ERCC1-XPF heterodimeric complex
Binding of ERCC1-XPF to preincision complex
3'- incision of DNA by XPG in GG-NER
5'-incision of DNA by ERCC1-XPF in GG-NER
Repair synthesis of ~27-30 bases long patch by DNA Pol Epsilon
Repair synthesis of patch ~27-30 bases long by DNA Pol Delta
Ligation of newly synthesized repair patch to incised DNA in GG-NER
Formation of active Pol II complex with lesioned DNA template
RNA Pol II is blocked by the lesion leading to reduced transcription
Assembly of repair proteins at the site of Pol II blockage
Displacement of stalled Pol II from the lesion site
3' incision of the lesioned strand of DNA in TC-NER
5' incision leading to excision of DNA fragment with lesion in TC-NER
Repair synthesis for gap-filling by DNA pol delta in TC-NER
Repair synthesis for gap-filling by DNA pol epsilon in TC-NER
Ligation of newly synthesized repair patch to incised DNA in TC-NER
Resumption of transcription after TC-NER
Monoubiquitination of FANCD2 by the FA ubiquitin ligase complex
Monoubiquitination of FANCI by the FA ubiquitin ligase complex
Translocation of ub-FANCD2 and ub-FANCI to chromatin
Formation of the BRCA1-PALB2-BRCA2 complex
FANCD2 deubiquitination by USP1/UAF1
Phosphorylation of FANCD2 by ATR/ATM
Phosphorylation of FANCI by ATM/ATR
MPG glycosylase mediated recognition and binding of 3-methyladenine
MPG glycosylase mediated recognition and binding of ethenoadenine
MPG glycosylase mediated recognition and binding of hypoxanthine
MYH glycosylase mediated recognition and binding of an adenine opposite to an 8-oxo guanine
hOGG1 glycosylase mediated recognition and binding of an 8-oxo guanine opposite to a cytosine
hOGG1 glycosylase mediated recognition and binding of a formamidopyrimidine
Cleavage 8-oxo guanine by MYH glycosylase
Cleavage of 3-methyladenine by MPG glycosylase
Cleavage of ethenoadenine by MPG glycosylase
Cleavage of hypoxanthine by MPG glycosylase
Cleavage of 8-oxo guanine by hOGG1 glycosylase
Cleavage of formamidopyrimidine by hOGG1 glycosylase
UNG glycosylase mediated recognition and binding of a 5-hydroxyuracil opposite to a guanine
UNG glycosylase mediated recognition and binding of an uracil opposite to a guanine
TDG glycosylase mediated recognition and binding of an ethenocytosine
TDG glycosylase mediated recognition and binding of an thymine opposite to a guanine
TDG glycosylase mediated recognition and binding of an uracil opposite to a guanine
hSMUG1 glycosylase mediated recognition and binding of uracil within single-stranded DNA
DNA Repair
Base Excision Repair
Base-Excision Repair, AP Site Formation
Depurination
Recognition and association of DNA glycosylase with site containing an affected purine
Cleavage of the damaged purine
Depyrimidination
Recognition and association of DNA glycosylase with site containing an affected pyrimidine
Cleavage of the damaged pyrimidine
Resolution of Abasic Sites (AP sites)
Resolution of AP sites via the single-nucleotide replacement pathway
Base-free sugar-phosphate removal via the single-nucleotide replacement pathway
Displacement of DNA glycosylase by APE1
Resolution of AP sites via the multiple-nucleotide patch replacement pathway
Removal of DNA patch containing abasic residue
DNA Damage Bypass
Translesion synthesis by DNA polymerases bypassing lesion on DNA template
Translesion synthesis by HREV1
Translesion synthesis by Pol eta
Translesion synthesis by Pol zeta
DNA Damage Reversal
Reversal of Alkylation Damage By DNA Dioxygenases
ABH2 mediated Reversal of Alkylation Damage
ABH3 mediated Reversal of Alkylation Damage
Double-Strand Break Repair
Homologous Recombination Repair
Homologous recombination repair of replication-independent double-strand breaks
ATM mediated response to DNA double-strand break
ATM mediated phosphorylation of repair proteins
Recruitment of repair and signaling proteins to double-strand breaks
MRN complex relocalizes to nuclear foci
Assembly of the RAD50-MRE11-NBS1 complex at DNA double-strand breaks
Processing of DNA double-strand break ends
Homologous DNA pairing and strand exchange
Presynaptic phase of homologous DNA pairing and strand exchange
Assembly of the RAD51-ssDNA nucleoprotein complex
Resolution of D-loop structures
Resolution of D-loop structures through Holliday junction intermediates
Resolution of D-loop structures through synthesis-dependent strand-annealing
Homologous recombination repair of replication-dependent double-strand breaks
Nonhomologous End-joining (NHEJ)
Processing of DNA ends prior to end rejoining
Nucleotide Excision Repair
Global Genomic NER (GG-NER)
DNA Damage Recognition in GG-NER
Formation of incision complex in GG-NER
Dual incision reaction in GG-NER
Gap-filling DNA repair synthesis and ligation in GG-NER
Repair synthesis of patch ~27-30 bases long by DNA polymerase
Transcription-coupled NER (TC-NER)
Formation of transcription-coupled NER (TC-NER) repair complex
Dual incision reaction in TC-NER
Gap-filling DNA repair synthesis and ligation in TC-NER
Repair synthesis for gap-filling by DNA polymerase in TC-NER
Fanconi Anemia pathway
Regulation of the Fanconi anemia pathway