IntAct European Bioinformatics Institute IntAct intact http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ http://www.ebi.ac.uk/intact/query/${ac} EBI-[0-9]+|IA:[0-9]+ INTerAction database (IntAct) provides an open source database and toolkit for the storage, presentation and analysis of molecular interactions. http://www.ebi.ac.uk/intact European Bioinformatics Institute; Wellcome Trust Genome Campus; Hinxton, Cambridge; CB10 1SD; United Kingdom http://www.ebi.ac.uk/intact/ Regulation of IRF-3-dependent innate immunity by the papain-like protease domain of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. Regulation of IRF-3-dependent innate immunity by the papain-like protease domain of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. The Journal of biological chemistry 2007 imex curation Devaraj SG., Wang N., Chen Z., Chen Z., Tseng M., Barretto N., Lin R., Peters CJ., Tseng CT., Baker SC., Li K., Devaraj SG., Wang N., Chen Z., Chen Z., Tseng M., Barretto N., Lin R., Peters CJ., Tseng CT., Baker SC., Li K. Coronavirus - Interactions investigated in the context of Coronavirus kuli@utmb.edu 04-05-20: Contacted by IntAct-Help. Only protein-protein interactions imex curation human-hela Homo sapiens epitheloid cervix carcinoma cells Human hela Human epitheloid cervix carcinoma HeLa cells derivation: cervix; epithelial; adenocarcinoma ATCC no:CCL-2 coip coimmunoprecipitation co-immunoprecipitation CoIp immunoprecipitation Co-IP co-immunoprecipitation CoIp immunoprecipitation Co-IP coip antibody detection identification by antibody antibody detection Devaraj SG., Wang N., Chen Z., Chen Z., Tseng M., Barretto N., Lin R., Peters CJ., Tseng CT., Baker SC., Li K., Devaraj SG., Wang N., Chen Z., Chen Z., Tseng M., Barretto N., Lin R., Peters CJ., Tseng CT., Baker SC., Li K. Coronavirus - Interactions investigated in the context of Coronavirus kuli@utmb.edu Accepted 2020-APR-27 AT 08:20 BST AT 08:20 BST by MARTA The Journal of biological chemistry 2007 Only protein-protein interactions imex curation imex curation Regulation of IRF-3-dependent innate immunity by the papain-like protease domain of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. Regulation of IRF-3-dependent innate immunity by the papain-like protease domain of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. The Journal of biological chemistry 2007 imex curation Devaraj SG., Wang N., Chen Z., Chen Z., Tseng M., Barretto N., Lin R., Peters CJ., Tseng CT., Baker SC., Li K., Devaraj SG., Wang N., Chen Z., Chen Z., Tseng M., Barretto N., Lin R., Peters CJ., Tseng CT., Baker SC., Li K. Coronavirus - Interactions investigated in the context of Coronavirus kuli@utmb.edu 04-05-20: Contacted by IntAct-Help. Only protein-protein interactions imex curation human-hela Homo sapiens epitheloid cervix carcinoma cells Human hela Human epitheloid cervix carcinoma HeLa cells derivation: cervix; epithelial; adenocarcinoma ATCC no:CCL-2 anti tag coip anti tag coimmunoprecipitation anti tag coip anti tag western anti tag western blot anti tag western Devaraj SG., Wang N., Chen Z., Chen Z., Tseng M., Barretto N., Lin R., Peters CJ., Tseng CT., Baker SC., Li K., Devaraj SG., Wang N., Chen Z., Chen Z., Tseng M., Barretto N., Lin R., Peters CJ., Tseng CT., Baker SC., Li K. Coronavirus - Interactions investigated in the context of Coronavirus kuli@utmb.edu Accepted 2020-APR-27 AT 08:20 BST AT 08:20 BST by MARTA The Journal of biological chemistry 2007 Only protein-protein interactions imex curation imex curation Regulation of IRF-3-dependent innate immunity by the papain-like protease domain of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. Regulation of IRF-3-dependent innate immunity by the papain-like protease domain of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. The Journal of biological chemistry 2007 imex curation Devaraj SG., Wang N., Chen Z., Chen Z., Tseng M., Barretto N., Lin R., Peters CJ., Tseng CT., Baker SC., Li K., Devaraj SG., Wang N., Chen Z., Chen Z., Tseng M., Barretto N., Lin R., Peters CJ., Tseng CT., Baker SC., Li K. Coronavirus - Interactions investigated in the context of Coronavirus kuli@utmb.edu 04-05-20: Contacted by IntAct-Help. Only protein-protein interactions imex curation human-293 Homo sapiens transformed primary embryonal kidney cells Human 293 Transformed human primary embryonal kidney cells. The Cell type named 293 is synonymous with HEK-293. anti tag coip anti tag coimmunoprecipitation anti tag coip anti tag western anti tag western blot anti tag western Devaraj SG., Wang N., Chen Z., Chen Z., Tseng M., Barretto N., Lin R., Peters CJ., Tseng CT., Baker SC., Li K., Devaraj SG., Wang N., Chen Z., Chen Z., Tseng M., Barretto N., Lin R., Peters CJ., Tseng CT., Baker SC., Li K. Coronavirus - Interactions investigated in the context of Coronavirus kuli@utmb.edu Accepted 2020-APR-27 AT 08:20 BST AT 08:20 BST by MARTA The Journal of biological chemistry 2007 Only protein-protein interactions imex curation imex curation Regulation of IRF-3-dependent innate immunity by the papain-like protease domain of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. Regulation of IRF-3-dependent innate immunity by the papain-like protease domain of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. The Journal of biological chemistry 2007 imex curation Devaraj SG., Wang N., Chen Z., Chen Z., Tseng M., Barretto N., Lin R., Peters CJ., Tseng CT., Baker SC., Li K., Devaraj SG., Wang N., Chen Z., Chen Z., Tseng M., Barretto N., Lin R., Peters CJ., Tseng CT., Baker SC., Li K. Coronavirus - Interactions investigated in the context of Coronavirus kuli@utmb.edu 04-05-20: Contacted by IntAct-Help. Only protein-protein interactions imex curation chlae-ma104 Chlorocebus aethiops MA-104 kidney epithelial cells ma104 Green monkey MA-104 embryonic hidney epithelial cells Originally developed by initial explant culture from an embryonic rhesus monkey kidney cell line, however in 2002 it was discovered that the cells were contaminated with cells of African Green Monkey. The original Rhesus Monkey cells were completely overtaken by the AGMs between passage 7 and 12. http://www.lgcstandards-atcc.org/products/all/CRL-2378.1.aspx?geo_country=gb ATCC® CRL-2378.1 coip coimmunoprecipitation co-immunoprecipitation CoIp immunoprecipitation Co-IP co-immunoprecipitation CoIp immunoprecipitation Co-IP coip antibody detection identification by antibody antibody detection Devaraj SG., Wang N., Chen Z., Chen Z., Tseng M., Barretto N., Lin R., Peters CJ., Tseng CT., Baker SC., Li K., Devaraj SG., Wang N., Chen Z., Chen Z., Tseng M., Barretto N., Lin R., Peters CJ., Tseng CT., Baker SC., Li K. Coronavirus - Interactions investigated in the context of Coronavirus kuli@utmb.edu Accepted 2020-APR-27 AT 08:20 BST AT 08:20 BST by MARTA The Journal of biological chemistry 2007 Only protein-protein interactions imex curation imex curation cbp_human CREB-binding protein CREBBP CBP Histone lysine acetyltransferase CREBBP Protein-lysine acetyltransferase CREBBP protein protein human Homo sapiens Human MAENLLDGPPNPKRAKLSSPGFSANDSTDFGSLFDLENDLPDELIPNGGELGLLNSGNLVPDAASKHKQLSELLRGGSGSSINPGIGNVSASSPVQQGLGGQAQGQPNSANMASLSAMGKSPLSQGDSSAPSLPKQAASTSGPTPAASQALNPQAQKQVGLATSSPATSQTGPGICMNANFNQTHPGLLNSNSGHSLINQASQGQAQVMNGSLGAAGRGRGAGMPYPTPAMQGASSSVLAETLTQVSPQMTGHAGLNTAQAGGMAKMGITGNTSPFGQPFSQAGGQPMGATGVNPQLASKQSMVNSLPTFPTDIKNTSVTNVPNMSQMQTSVGIVPTQAIATGPTADPEKRKLIQQQLVLLLHAHKCQRREQANGEVRACSLPHCRTMKNVLNHMTHCQAGKACQVAHCASSRQIISHWKNCTRHDCPVCLPLKNASDKRNQQTILGSPASGIQNTIGSVGTGQQNATSLSNPNPIDPSSMQRAYAALGLPYMNQPQTQLQPQVPGQQPAQPQTHQQMRTLNPLGNNPMNIPAGGITTDQQPPNLISESALPTSLGATNPLMNDGSNSGNIGTLSTIPTAAPPSSTGVRKGWHEHVTQDLRSHLVHKLVQAIFPTPDPAALKDRRMENLVAYAKKVEGDMYESANSRDEYYHLLAEKIYKIQKELEEKRRSRLHKQGILGNQPALPAPGAQPPVIPQAQPVRPPNGPLSLPVNRMQVSQGMNSFNPMSLGNVQLPQAPMGPRAASPMNHSVQMNSMGSVPGMAISPSRMPQPPNMMGAHTNNMMAQAPAQSQFLPQNQFPSSSGAMSVGMGQPPAQTGVSQGQVPGAALPNPLNMLGPQASQLPCPPVTQSPLHPTPPPASTAAGMPSLQHTTPPGMTPPQPAAPTQPSTPVSSSGQTPTPTPGSVPSATQTQSTPTVQAAAQAQVTPQPQTPVQPPSVATPQSSQQQPTPVHAQPPGTPLSQAAASIDNRVPTPSSVASAETNSQQPGPDVPVLEMKTETQAEDTEPDPGESKGEPRSEMMEEDLQGASQVKEETDIAEQKSEPMEVDEKKPEVKVEVKEEEESSSNGTASQSTSPSQPRKKIFKPEELRQALMPTLEALYRQDPESLPFRQPVDPQLLGIPDYFDIVKNPMDLSTIKRKLDTGQYQEPWQYVDDVWLMFNNAWLYNRKTSRVYKFCSKLAEVFEQEIDPVMQSLGYCCGRKYEFSPQTLCCYGKQLCTIPRDAAYYSYQNRYHFCEKCFTEIQGENVTLGDDPSQPQTTISKDQFEKKKNDTLDPEPFVDCKECGRKMHQICVLHYDIIWPSGFVCDNCLKKTGRPRKENKFSAKRLQTTRLGNHLEDRVNKFLRRQNHPEAGEVFVRVVASSDKTVEVKPGMKSRFVDSGEMSESFPYRTKALFAFEEIDGVDVCFFGMHVQEYGSDCPPPNTRRVYISYLDSIHFFRPRCLRTAVYHEILIGYLEYVKKLGYVTGHIWACPPSEGDDYIFHCHPPDQKIPKPKRLQEWYKKMLDKAFAERIIHDYKDIFKQATEDRLTSAKELPYFEGDFWPNVLEESIKELEQEEEERKKEESTAASETTEGSQGDSKNAKKKNNKKTNKNKSSISRANKKKPSMPNVSNDLSQKLYATMEKHKEVFFVIHLHAGPVINTLPPIVDPDPLLSCDLMDGRDAFLTLARDKHWEFSSLRRSKWSTLCMLVELHTQGQDRFVYTCNECKHHVETRWHCTVCEDYDLCINCYNTKSHAHKMVKWGLGLDDEGSSQGEPQSKSPQESRRLSIQRCIQSLVHACQCRNANCSLPSCQKMKRVVQHTKGCKRKTNGGCPVCKQLIALCCYHAKHCQENKCPVPFCLNIKHKLRQQQIQHRLQQAQLMRRRMATMNTRNVPQQSLPSPTSAPPGTPTQQPSTPQTPQPPAQPQPSPVSMSPAGFPSVARTQPPTTVSTGKPTSQVPAPPPPAQPPPAAVEAARQIEREAQQQQHLYRVNINNSMPPGRTGMGTPGSQMAPVSLNVPRPNQVSGPVMPSMPPGQWQQAPLPQQQPMPGLPRPVISMQAQAAVAGPRMPSVQPPRSISPSALQDLLRTLKSPSSPQQQQQVLNILKSNPQLMAAFIKQRTAKYVANQPGMQPQPGLQSQPGMQPQPGMHQQPSLQNLNAMQAGVPRPGVPPQQQAMGGLNPQGQALNIMNPGHNPNMASMNPQYREMLRRQLLQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQGSAGMAGGMAGHGQFQQPQGPGGYPPAMQQQQRMQQHLPLQGSSMGQMAAQMGQLGQMGQPGLGADSTPNIQQALQQRILQQQQMKQQIGSPGQPNPMSPQQHMLSGQPQASHLPGQQIATSLSNQVRSPAPVQSPRPQSQPPHSSPSPRIQPQPSPHHVSPQTGSPHPGLAVTMASSIDQGHLGNPEQSAMLPQLNTPSRSALSSELSLVGDTTGDTLEKFVEGL DIP protein Q92793 original sequence version: 134 DIP protein Q92793-1 original sequence version: 171 DIP protein Q92793 original sequence version: 171 DIP protein Q92793 original sequence version: 185 DIP protein Q92793 original sequence version: 106 DIP protein Q92793 original sequence version: 104 DIP protein Q92793 original sequence version: 112 DIP protein Q92793 original sequence version: 135 DIP protein Q92793 original sequence version: 139 DIP protein Q92793 original sequence version: 157 DIP protein Q92793 original sequence version: 177 DIP protein Q92793 original sequence version: 168 DIP protein Q92793-1 original sequence version: 174 DIP protein Q92793 original sequence version: 146 DIP protein Q92793 original sequence version: 161 DIP protein Q92793 original sequence version: 172 3BEA9B8558BA1A5E p0c6x7-pro_0000037311 Papain-like protease nsp3 rep ORF1ab polyprotein 1a-1b protein protein sars-cov Human SARS coronavirus SARS-CoV Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus APIKGVTFGEDTVWEVQGYKNVRITFELDERVDKVLNEKCSVYTVESGTEVTEFACVVAEAVVKTLQPVSDLLTNMGIDLDEWSVATFYLFDDAGEENFSSRMYCSFYPPDEEEEDDAECEEEEIDETCEHEYGTEDDYQGLPLEFGASAETVRVEEEEEEDWLDDTTEQSEIEPEPEPTPEEPVNQFTGYLKLTDNVAIKCVDIVKEAQSANPMVIVNAANIHLKHGGGVAGALNKATNGAMQKESDDYIKLNGPLTVGGSCLLSGHNLAKKCLHVVGPNLNAGEDIQLLKAAYENFNSQDILLAPLLSAGIFGAKPLQSLQVCVQTVRTQVYIAVNDKALYEQVVMDYLDNLKPRVEAPKQEEPPNTEDSKTEEKSVVQKPVDVKPKIKACIDEVTTTLEETKFLTNKLLLFADINGKLYHDSQNMLRGEDMSFLEKDAPYMVGDVITSGDITCVVIPSKKAGGTTEMLSRALKKVPVDEYITTYPGQGCAGYTLEEAKTALKKCKSAFYVLPSEAPNAKEEILGTVSWNLREMLAHAEETRKLMPICMDVRAIMATIQRKYKGIKIQEGIVDYGVRFFFYTSKEPVASIITKLNSLNEPLVTMPIGYVTHGFNLEEAARCMRSLKAPAVVSVSSPDAVTTYNGYLTSSSKTSEEHFVETVSLAGSYRDWSYSGQRTELGVEFLKRGDKIVYHTLESPVEFHLDGEVLSLDKLKSLLSLREVKTIKVFTTVDNTNLHTQLVDMSMTYGQQFGPTYLDGADVTKIKPHVNHEGKTFFVLPSDDTLRSEAFEYYHTLDESFLGRYMSALNHTKKWKFPQVGGLTSIKWADNNCYLSSVLLALQQLEVKFNAPALQEAYYRARAGDAANFCALILAYSNKTVGELGDVRETMTHLLQHANLESAKRVLNVVCKHCGQKTTTLTGVEAVMYMGTLSYDNLKTGVSIPCVCGRDATQYLVQQESSFVMMSAPPAEYKLQQGTFLCANEYTGNYQCGHYTHITAKETLYRIDGAHLTKMSEYKGPVTDVFYKETSYTTTIKPVSYKLDGVTYTEIEPKLDGYYKKDNAYYTEQPIDLVPTQPLPNASFDNFKLTCSNTKFADDLNQMTGFTKPASRELSVTFFPDLNGDVVAIDYRHYSASFKKGAKLLHKPIVWHINQATTKTTFKPNTWCLRCLWSTKPVDTSNSFEVLAVEDTQGMDNLACESQQPTSEEVVENPTIQKEVIECDVKTTEVVGNVILKPSDEGVKVTQELGHEDLMAAYVENTSITIKKPNELSLALGLKTIATHGIAAINSVPWSKILAYVKPFLGQAAITTSNCAKRLAQRVFNNYMPYVFTLLFQLCTFTKSTNSRIRASLPTTIAKNSVKSVAKLCLDAGINYVKSPKFSKLFTIAMWLLLLSICLGSLICVTAAFGVLLSNFGAPSYCNGVRELYLNSSNVTTMDFCEGSFPCSICLSGLDSLDSYPALETIQVTISSYKLDLTILGLAAEWVLAYMLFTKFFYLLGLSAIMQVFFGYFASHFISNSWLMWFIISIVQMAPVSAMVRMYIFFASFYYIWKSYVHIMDGCTSSTCMMCYKRNRATRVECTTIVNGMKRSFYVYANGGRGFCKTHNWNCLNCDTFCTGSTFISDEVARDLSLQFKRPINPTDQSSYIVDSVAVKNGALHLYFDKAGQKTYERHPLSHFVNLDNLRANNTKGSLPINVIVFDGKSKCDESASKSASVYYSQLMCQPILLLDQALVSDVGDSTEVSVKMFDAYVDTFSATFSVPMEKLKALVATAHSELAKGVALDGVLSTFVSAARQGVVDTDVDTKDVIECLKLSHHSDLEVTGDSCNNFMLTYNKVENMTPRDLGACIDCNARHINAQVAKSHNVSLIWNVKDYMSLSEQLRKQIRSAAKKNNIPFRLTCATTRQVVNVITTKISLKGG 819 2740 BBB1A6190358ADDE irf3_human Interferon regulatory factor 3 IRF3 protein protein human Homo sapiens Human MGTPKPRILPWLVSQLDLGQLEGVAWVNKSRTRFRIPWKHGLRQDAQQEDFGIFQAWAEATGAYVPGRDKPDLPTWKRNFRSALNRKEGLRLAEDRSKDPHDPHKIYEFVNSGVGDFSQPDTSPDTNGGGSTSDTQEDILDELLGNMVLAPLPDPGPPSLAVAPEPCPQPLRSPSLDNPTPFPNLGPSENPLKRLLVPGEEWEFEVTAFYRGRQVFQQTISCPEGLRLVGSEVGDRTLPGWPVTLPDPGMSLTDRGVMSYVRHVLSCLGGGLALWRAGQWLWAQRLGHCHTYWAVSEELLPNSGHGPDGEVPKDKEGGVFDLGPFIVDLITFTEGSGRSPRYALWFCVGESWPQDQPWTKRLVMVKVVPTCLRALVEMARVGGASSLENTVDLHISNSHPLSLTSDQYKAYLQDLVEGMDFQGPGES DIP protein Q14653 original sequence version: 96 DIP protein Q14653 original sequence version: 75 DIP protein Q14653 original sequence version: 95 DIP protein Q14653-1 original sequence version: 128 DIP protein Q14653 original sequence version: 119 F536676FA78B0110 crebbp-irf3-15 1 5 unspecified role unspecified role bait bait living cell living cell physiological level physiological level endogenous level endogenous endogenous endogenous level 7 unspecified role unspecified role prey prey living cell living cell physiological level physiological level endogenous level endogenous endogenous endogenous level physical association physical association Fig 5 E crebbp-irf3-16 1 5 unspecified role unspecified role prey prey living cell living cell physiological level physiological level endogenous level endogenous endogenous endogenous level 7 unspecified role unspecified role bait bait living cell living cell physiological level physiological level endogenous level endogenous endogenous endogenous level physical association physical association Fig 5 E irf3-rep-1 1 6 unspecified role unspecified role prey prey over-expressed over expressed level over-expressed living cell living cell engineered engineered tag v5 tag v5 tag GKPIPNPLLGLDST epitope tag GKPIPNPLLGLDST epitope tag c-term range C-terminal range c-term range c-term range C-terminal range c-term range region sufficient to bind sufficient binding region sufficient to bind certain certain sequence position certain certain certain sequence position certain 7 unspecified role unspecified role bait bait living cell living cell physiological level physiological level endogenous level endogenous endogenous endogenous level physical association physical association Fig 6 A irf3-rep-2 3 6 unspecified role unspecified role bait bait over-expressed over expressed level over-expressed living cell living cell engineered engineered region sufficient to bind sufficient binding region sufficient to bind certain certain sequence position certain certain certain sequence position certain tag v5 tag v5 tag GKPIPNPLLGLDST epitope tag GKPIPNPLLGLDST epitope tag c-term range C-terminal range c-term range c-term range C-terminal range c-term range P0C6X7-PRO_0000037311:p.Cys833Ala mutation decreasing mutation decreasing interaction hotspot hotspot mutation decreasing certain certain sequence position certain certain certain sequence position certain C A this mutation has effect on the 723-1037 construct but not on a longer construct (1023-1607) Tue Apr 28 11:03:15 BST 2020 This feature has been corrected as a result of our quality control procedures. The original label was 'cys833ala' Tue Jun 30 20:16:08 BST 2020 This feature has been corrected as a result of our quality control procedures. The original label was 'p.Cys833Ala' P0C6X7-PRO_0000037311:p.Asp1008Ala mutation with no effect mutation with no effect mutation with no effect mutation not affecting interaction certain certain sequence position certain certain certain sequence position certain D A Tue Apr 28 09:57:23 BST 2020 This feature has been corrected as a result of our quality control procedures. The original label was 'asp1008ala' Tue Jun 30 16:14:30 BST 2020 This feature has been corrected as a result of our quality control procedures. The original label was 'p.Asp1008Ala' 7 unspecified role unspecified role prey prey over-expressed over expressed level over-expressed living cell living cell engineered engineered tag flag tag flag tag FLAG-tagged FLAG DYKDDDDKV epitope tag DYKDDDDKV epitope tag FLAG FLAG-tagged n-term range n-terminal range n-term range n-term range n-terminal range n-term range physical association physical association Fig 6 B, C irf3-rep-3 2 6 unspecified role unspecified role prey prey over-expressed over expressed level over-expressed living cell living cell engineered engineered tag v5 tag v5 tag GKPIPNPLLGLDST epitope tag GKPIPNPLLGLDST epitope tag c-term range C-terminal range c-term range c-term range C-terminal range c-term range region sufficient to bind sufficient binding region sufficient to bind certain certain sequence position certain certain certain sequence position certain 7 unspecified role unspecified role bait bait over-expressed over expressed level over-expressed living cell living cell engineered engineered tag gfp tag green fluorescent protein tag GFP green fluorescent protein GFP green fluorescent protein gfp tag n-term range n-terminal range n-term range n-term range n-terminal range n-term range Q14653:p.[Ser385_Ser386delinsAspAsp;Ser396Asp;Ser398Asp;Thr404_Ser405delinsAspAsp] mutation with no effect mutation with no effect mutation with no effect mutation not affecting interaction certain certain sequence position certain certain certain sequence position certain S D certain certain sequence position certain certain certain sequence position certain TS DD certain certain sequence position certain certain certain sequence position certain SS DD certain certain sequence position certain certain certain sequence position certain S D Tue Apr 28 10:41:20 BST 2020 This feature has been corrected as a result of our quality control procedures. The original label was 'ser_ser385-386asp_asp, ser396asp,ser398asp,ser402asp,ser_ser404-405asp_asp' Tue Jun 30 16:25:42 BST 2020 This feature has been corrected as a result of our quality control procedures. The original label was 'p.[Ser385_Ser386delinsAspAsp;Ser396Asp;Ser398Asp;Thr404_Ser405delinsAspAsp]' mutations described in PMID 23685991 physical association physical association Fig 6 D irf3-rep-4 4 6 unspecified role unspecified role prey prey living cell living cell infection infection 7 unspecified role unspecified role bait bait living cell living cell physiological level physiological level endogenous level endogenous endogenous endogenous level physical association physical association Fig 7