# HISTORY 26 Mar 2016: Updated by: TOUCHUP-v1.15 17 Mar 2016: Updated by: TOUCHUP-v1.14 17 Mar 2016: Updated by: TOUCHUP-v1.14 # molecular_function 20140313: Eukaryota_PTN000551732 has function protein heterodimerization activity (GO:0046982) # cellular_component 20140313: Eukaryota_PTN000551732 is found in alpha DNA polymerase:primase complex (GO:0005658) # biological_process 20140313: Eukaryota_PTN000551732 participates in DNA replication initiation (GO:0006270) # WARNINGS - THE FOLLOWING HAVE BEEN REMOVED FOR THE REASONS NOTED # NOTES This family represents the conserved B subunit of the DNA polymerase alpha - primase complex. This subunit binds directly to the catalytic A subunit that synthesizes a short section of DNA starting from the RNA primer synthesized by the primase catalytic subunit (PMID:15814431 - Garg P and Burgers PM. 2005; PMID:12806117 - Muzi-Falconi M et al. 2003; PMID:9745046 - Burgers PM. 1998). Comments on Propagations ------------------------ I did not propagate an annotation to the MF term "DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity" (GO:0003887), even though there are some annotations to this term (both with and without contributes_to) because the reviews are very clear that the catalytic activity is solely contained within the A subunit. The role of the B subunit is less well understood. No known catalytic activity is known for the B subunit. It may be involved in interactions that help tether the Pol alpha - primase complex during DNA replication as it has been shown in S. pombe to interact with a subunit of the Origin Recognition Complex (PMID:15314153 - Uchiyama et al. 2004). The B subunit is also proposed to be involved in regulating activity of the Pol alpha - primase complex as the B subunit is phosphorylated in a cell cycle dependent manner in both humans (PMID:1902230 - Nasheuer et al. 1991) and S. cerevisiae (PMID:7823954 - Foiani et al. 1995) I did not propagate the S. cerevisiae annotation for "telomere capping" (GO:0016233). There is a paper about human Stn1 that indicates that Stn1 promotes efficient replication of lagging strand telomeres (PMID:22964711 - Huang et al. 2012), so it appears to me that defects in either Stn1 or in this DNA pol alpha subunit cause problems with lagging strand replication in the telomere. # REFERENCE Annotation inferences using phylogenetic trees The goal of the GO Reference Genome Project, described in PMID 19578431, is to provide accurate, complete and consistent GO annotations for all genes in twelve model organism genomes. To this end, GO curators are annotating evolutionary trees from the PANTHER database with GO terms describing molecular function, biological process and cellular component. GO terms based on experimental data from the scientific literature are used to annotate ancestral genes in the phylogenetic tree by sequence similarity (ISS), and unannotated descendants of these ancestral genes are inferred to have inherited these same GO annotations by descent. The annotations are done using a tool called PAINT (Phylogenetic Annotation and INference Tool).