# HISTORY 25 Mar 2016: Updated by: TOUCHUP-v1.15 15 Mar 2016: Updated by: TOUCHUP-v1.14 # molecular_function # cellular_component 20140909: Eukaryota_PTN000278911 is found in small-subunit processome (GO:0032040) 20140909: Eukaryota_PTN000278911 is found in nucleolus (GO:0005730) 20140909: Eukaryota_PTN000278911 is found in Noc4p-Nop14p complex (GO:0030692) # biological_process 20140909: Eukaryota_PTN000278911 participates in maturation of SSU-rRNA from tricistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, 5.8S rRNA, LSU-rRNA) (GO:0000462) # WARNINGS - THE FOLLOWING HAVE BEEN REMOVED FOR THE REASONS NOTED # NOTES This family comprises the Noc4 subunits of the ribosomal Small Subunit Processome, also called the SSU Processome, a large complex which is involved in the initial cleavages of the primary rRNA transcript to separate the small ribosomal subunit (SSU) rRNA from the remainder of the transcript and the biogenesis of the small ribosomal subunit. The SSU processome was originally identified and characterized from S. cerevisiae (Dragon et al. 2002, PMID:12068309; Gallagher et al. 2004, PMID:15489292; Bernstein et al. 2004, PMID:15590835; and reviewed in Phipps et al. 2011, PMID:21318072). As of September 2014, it has begun to be characterized experimentally from other species such as human (Turner et al. 2012, PMID:22418842; Sato et al. 2013, PMID:24219289; and Hu et al. 2011, PMID:21078665), zebrafish (Wilkins et al. 2013, PMID:24147052), and mouse (Gallenberger et al. 2011, PMID:21051332). The Noc4 subunit is a confirmed subunit of the SSU processome, but is not classified as being part of a specific subcomplex (Phipps et al. 2011, PMID:21318072). It is also identified as part of the 90S preribosome, another intermediate in biogenesis of the small ribosomal subunit (Grandi et al. 2002, PMID:12150911). Feng et al. 2013 (PMID:24214024) performed an extensive computational analysis from 77 completely sequenced eukaryotic genomes, including representatives of the five eukaryotic supergroups: Opisthokonts, Amoebozoa, Plantae, Excavates, and Chromalveolates, and compared these to sequences from both prokaryotic and Archaeal species for all 51 confirmed and 26 likely SSU processome subunits in S. cerevisiae as indicated in Phipps et al. 2011 (PMID:21318072). In addition, Srivastava et al. have identified SSU processome subunits in the parasitic protist Entamoeba histolytica (PMID:24631428). Noc4 is one of the 51 confirmed proteins of the S. cerevisiae SSU processome (Phipps et al. 2011, PMID:21318072)) and is highly conserved across the 77 eukaryotic species, as listed in Table 1 of Feng et al. 2013 (PMID:24214024). Annotation comments: --------------------- No MF annotations were propagated in this tree. There were experimental MF annotations to "poly(A) RNA binding" (GO:0044822) from two large scale studies: PMID:22681889 and PMID:22658674. Between the fact that these were high throughput experiments, the fact that this protein is normally part of a large complex, and the fact that it is not clear that poly(A) RNA binding is biologically relevant, I have chosen not to make any MF propagations. I did not propagate the "cytosol" annotation from S. cerevisiae NOC4 (PMID:22932476) because it was observed in response to hypoxia. While probably true for this stress condition, it does not seem to represent the functional localization of NOC4. # REFERENCE Annotation inferences using phylogenetic trees The goal of the GO Reference Genome Project, described in PMID 19578431, is to provide accurate, complete and consistent GO annotations for all genes in twelve model organism genomes. To this end, GO curators are annotating evolutionary trees from the PANTHER database with GO terms describing molecular function, biological process and cellular component. GO terms based on experimental data from the scientific literature are used to annotate ancestral genes in the phylogenetic tree by sequence similarity (ISS), and unannotated descendants of these ancestral genes are inferred to have inherited these same GO annotations by descent. The annotations are done using a tool called PAINT (Phylogenetic Annotation and INference Tool).