BPNT1
UniProt:O95861 BPNT1
CYP1A2
UniProt:P05177 CYP1A2
AAC2
NAT2
UniProt:P11245 NAT2
AAC1
NAT1
UniProt:P18440 NAT1
COMT
UniProt:P21964 COMT
NNMT
UniProt:P40261 NNMT
TPMT
UniProt:P51580 TPMT
ACSM2
ACSM2B
HYST1046
UniProt:Q68CK6 ACSM2B
ACGNAT
CAT
GAT
GLYAT
UniProt:Q6IB77 GLYAT
SLC26A1,2 transport extracellular SO4(2-) to cytosol
SLC35B2,3 transport cytosolic PAPS to Golgi lumen
UDP-glucuronate transport from the cytosol to ER lumen
ATP + sulfate => adenylyl sulfate (APS) + pyrophosphate
Activation of inorganic sulfate forms APS
PAPSS1,2 transfer PO4(2-) group from ATP to form APS
APS reacts with another ATP molecule to form PAPS
PAPSS1,2 transfer PO4(2-) group from ATP to APS to form PAPS
adenylyl sulfate (APS) + ATP => PAPS + ADP
UTP + D-glucose 1-phosphate <=> pyrophosphate + UDP-glucose
MTR transfers CH3 group from MeCbl to HCYS
Methionine is reformed
SAM is sythesized from methionine's reaction with ATP
S-adenoylhomocysteine is hydrolyzed
Glutamate and cysteine combine
A dipeptidase cleaves cysteinylglycine
UDP-glucose is oxidised to UDP-glucuronate
Formation of O-glucuronides
Formation of N-glucuronides
Acetaminophen can form an O- sulfate conjugate
N-hydroxy-4-aminobiphenyl can form a sulfate conjugate
Phenol can form a sulfate conjugate
Dopamine can form an O-sulfate conjugate
3,3'-diiodothyronine + PAPS => 3,3'-diiodothyronine 4-sulfate + PAP
3,5,3'-triiodothyronine + PAPS => 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine 4-sulfate + PAP
p-nitrophenol + PAPS => p-nitrophenol sulfate + PAP
N-hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene + PAPS => 2-acetylaminofluorene-N-sulfate + PAP
cholesterol + PAPS => cholesterol sulfate + PAP
27-hydroxycholesterol + PAPS => 27-hydroxycholesterol 3-sulfate + PAP
SULTs transfer (SO4)2- group to 27HCHOL
SULTs transfer (SO4)2- group to PREG
pregnenolone + PAPS => pregnenolone sulfate + PAP
estrone + PAPS => estrone 3-sulfate + PAP
dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) + PAPS => DHEA sulfate + PAP
beta-estradiol + PAPS => beta-estradiol 3-sulfate + PAP
lithocholate + PAPS => lithocholate sulfate + PAP
taurolithocholate + PAPS => taurolithocholate sulfate + PAP
Adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate (PAP) + H2O => AMP + orthophosphate
The acetyl group from acetyl-CoA is transferred to the NAT1
The acetyl group from acetyl-CoA is transferred to the NAT2
NAT1 acetylation
NAT2 acetylation
S-atom dealkylation of 6-methylmercaptopurine
6-mercaptopurine can be S-methylated
2-mercaptoethanol can be S-methylated
Pyridine can be N-methylated
3,4-dihydroxybenzoate can be O-methylated
Cleavage of 5-oxoproline to form glutamate
Formation of 5-oxoproline from gamma-glutamylcysteine
gamma-glutamylcysteine combines with glycine to form glutathione
Export of glutathione to the extracellular space
Glutathione is hydrolyzed
Cysteinylglycine and gamma-glutamate:AA are imported into the cell
5-oxoproline can be formed from gamma-glutamyl-AA products
Glutathione conjugation of luminal substrates
MGST trimers conjugate GSH with luminal substrates
GST dimers conjugate GSH with cytosolic substrates
Glutathione conjugation of cytosolic substrates
Benzoate and Coenzyme A react to form benzoyl-CoA thioester
benzoate + Coenzyme A + ATP => benzoyl-CoA + AMP + pyrophosphate
Benzoyl-CoA forms an amide bond with glycine
benzoyl-CoA + glycine => benzoyl glycine (hippuric acid) + Coenzyme A
Synthesis of phenylacetyl CoA from phenylacetate and Coenzyme A
phenylacetate + Coenzyme A + ATP => phenylacetyl-CoA + AMP + pyrophosphate
Synthesis of phenylacetyl glutamine from phenylacetyl-CoA and glutamine
phenylacetyl-CoA + glutamine => phenylacetyl glutamine + Coenzyme A
Salicylic acid and Coenzyme A react to form salicylate-CoA thioester
salicylic acid + Coenzyme A + ATP => salicylate-CoA + AMP + pyrophosphate
Salicylate-CoA forms an amide bond with glycine
salicylate-CoA + glycine => salicyluric acid + Coenzyme A
Phase II conjugation
Glucuronidation
Formation of the active cofactor, UDP-glucuronate
Cytosolic sulfonation of small molecules
Acetylation
Methylation
Glutathione conjugation
Glutathione synthesis and recycling
Amino Acid conjugation
Conjugation of carboxylic acids
Conjugation of benzoate with glycine
Conjugation of phenylacetate with glutamine
Conjugation of salicylate with glycine
Transport and synthesis of PAPS